self fulfilling prophecy theory
A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when a belief that is untrue influences the behaviour of people in such a way that the belief becomes true in the end. This concept, of false beliefs influencing action in a way that then makes the belief true, has appeared in many cultures for centuries, but it was sociologist Robert Merton who coined the term and developed the concept for use within sociology. Today, the idea of a self-fulfilling prophecy is commonly used by sociologists as an analytic lens through which to study factors that influence student performance in schools, those that influence deviant or criminal behavior, and how racial stereotypes influence the behavior of those to whom they are applied. ROBERT K. MERTON'S SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECY In 1948, American sociologist Robert K. Merton coined the term "self-fulfilling prophecy" in an article titled for the concept. Merton framed his discussion of this concept with symbolic interaction theory, whic...